饮用水中DBP的臭氧氧化效能与影响因素

以邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯 (DBP)为典型内分泌干扰物质的代表物 ,对饮用水中大量存在的不同物质在不同反应条件下对O3氧化DBP的影响进行了研究 .结果表明 ,O3单独作用于DBP时 ,在反应进行 30min后就能去除 90 %以上 ;O3对DBP的氧化降解除了O3的直接氧化外 ,还有·OH的作用机制 ;HCO-3 和腐殖质都通过影响·OH的产生而影响DBP的O3氧化 ,水中的浑浊度由于对疏水性的DBP会产生吸附作用而对DBP的去除有促进作用 .     

分光光度法同时测定水中邻苯二甲酸和邻苯二甲酸二甲酯

本文用双波长等吸收紫外分光光度法，同时测定水中邻苯二甲酸（ＰＡ）和邻苯二甲酸二酯（ＤＭＰ）的含量，实验表明，ＤＭＰ和ＰＡ在１ｍｇ／ｌ到５０ｍｇ／ｌ的浓度范围内，对于波长为２１６，２３７．６，２６６，２９２ｎｍ的吸收均满足比尔吸收定律，迭加性令人满足，分析方法的回收率在ＤＭＰ与ＰＡ含量比例相差较小时，其值接近１００％。在相差超过９倍时，通过合理的校正，回收率也能达到９０％－１１０％，回收率受Ｎａ＾＋     

土壤中酞酸酯的分析方法研究

经过系统研究,建立了以正已烷/丙酮(V/V:2/1)为溶剂,对土壤进行超声萃取,然后以浓H_2SO_4进行纯化的分析土壤中酞酸酯的方法。本方法具有省时、省溶剂、空白低及纯化效果好的特点,具有很强的实用性。     

胶束电动毛细管色谱对水中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯降解历程的研究

研究了邻苯二甲酸二甲酯在臭氧氧化和二氧化钛光催化氧化两种条件下的氧化降解历程。采用胶束电动毛细管色谱技术对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯降解反应的中间产物和终产物进行跟踪分析。初步认为 ,臭氧氧化邻苯二甲酸二甲酯时 ,首先是侧链反应 ,生成邻苯二甲酸 ,然后再进一步氧化降解。而TiO2 光催化氧化时 ,则为自由基直接攻击苯环 ,开环生成链状化合物 ,最终降解为CO2 和H2 O。     

斜生栅藻降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯和苯胺的动力学研究

斜生栅藻降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯和苯胺的动力学研究阎海雷志芳叶常明（中国科学院生态环境研究中心，北京１０００８５）关键词斜生栅藻；邻苯二甲酸二甲酯；苯胺；降解动力学邻苯二甲酸酯类是广泛使用的人工合成有机物，主要作为塑料和橡胶等化工产品的增塑剂，我国和...     

污水处理厂中邻苯二甲酸酯类环境激素分析

建立了基于HLB固相萃取柱和液相色谱分析城市污水中邻苯二甲酸酯类环境激素的方法 ,同时分析了北京市 4个污水处理厂进水与出水中邻苯二甲酸酯类环境激素的浓度。在四个污水处理厂的水样中共检出了 5种邻苯二甲酸酯 ,分别是DEP、BBP、DBP、DCHP和DEHP ,浓度在 0 .72～ 59.1 7μg/L之间。结果表明 ,曝气活性污泥法对大部分邻苯二甲酸酯类环境激素的去除效果很好     

Efficient microwave-assisted photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disruptor dimethyl phthalate over composite catalyst ZrOx/ZnO

A highly active ZrOx/ZnO catalyst for microwave-assisted photocatalytic (MW/PC) degradation of endocrine disruptor dimethyl phthalate (DMP) has been prepared via cetyltrimethylammonium assisted hydrothermal method. The ZrOx/ZnO was characterized by XPS, XRD, UV-Vis, BET and SEM techniques. The XPS result showed that Zr oxides with different valences (+2, +3, +4) co-existed in ZrOx/ZnO. By using the ZrOx/ZnO (0.1 g), the TOC removal efficiency of DMP (100 mL of 50 mg/L) was 88% after 30 min reaction, which was about 15% higher than P25 TiO2. It was found that the removal process of DMP by MW/PC followed pseudo first-order kinetics in all cases, and ZrOx/ZnO significantly accelerated the degradation of DMP. The degradation half-life time of DMP was shortened 45% compared with P25 TiO2. A possible catalytic mechanism was proposed based on microwave response and interfacial charge transfer. ZrOx/ZnO could be reused for six times without obvious decrease in catalytic activity. The study offers new insights into designing highly efficient catalysts for MW/PC process and is applicable for MW/PC environmental remediation.     

常见有机物对催化臭氧化降解水中硝基苯的影响

考察了有机物甲醛、甲醇、甲酸和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化工艺去除水中硝基苯降解效果的影响规律.单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化对硝基苯的去除率随着甲醛浓度的升高(0～12 mg·L-1)分别降低了11.6%和9.6%;2种工艺对硝基苯的去除率都随着甲醇浓度的增加(0～16mg·L-1,)先增高再降低,单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化分别在浓度为2 mg·L-1和4 mg·L-1时去除率达到最大值;随着甲酸浓度的增加(0～8 mg·L-1)去除率也都先增高再降低,单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化分别在浓度为0.5 mg·L-1和2 mg·L-1时去除率达到最大值;低浓度的甲醇和甲酸促进了硝基苯的降解,高浓度的甲醇和甲酸抑制了硝基苯的降解.单独臭氧氧化和蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧化在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯浓度增加(0～10 mg·L-1)的情况下对硝基苯的去除率分别降低了19.7%和18.6%.     

Electrochemical incineration of dimethyl phthalate by anodic oxidation with boron-doped diamond electrode

The anodic oxidation of aqueous solutions containing dimethyl phthalate (DMP) up to 125 mg/L with sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) as supporting electrolyte within the pH range 2.0–10.0 was studied using a one-compartment batch reactor employing a boron-doped diamond (BDD) as anode. Electrolyses were carried out at constant current density (1.5–4.5 mA/cm2). Complete mineralization was always achieved owing to the great concentration of hydroxyl radical (.OH) generated at the BDD surface. The e ects of pH, apparent current density and initial DMP concentration on the degradation rate of DMP, the specific charge required for its total mineralization and mineralization current e ciency were investigated systematically. The mineralization rate of DMP was found to be pH-independent and to increase with increasing applied current density. Results indicated that this electrochemical process was subjected, at least partially, to the mass transfer of organics onto the BDD surface. Kinetic analysis of the temporal change of DMP concentration during electrolysis determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) revealed that DMP decay under all tested conditions followed a pseudo first-order reaction. Aromatic intermediates and generated carboxylic acids were identified by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and a general pathway for the electrochemical incineration of DMP on BDD was proposed.     

邻苯二甲酸酯在包气带土层中的迁移模拟研究

选择垃圾渗滤液中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)为特征污染物,通过室内实验确定了DMP和DBP在包气带土层的降解、吸附、弥散参数,建立了DMP和DBP在包气带迁移的对流-弥散数学模型.利用有限差分数值解方法,预测了DMP和DBP在包气带土层中迁移及其对饱水带地下水的污染风险.结果表明,DMP和DBP 的包气带污染距离分别可达6.5m和0.5m,DMP存在丰水期污染饱水带地下水的风险,而DBP的污染风险较小.